Determine profitability thresholds and business viability
Fixed Costs: Expenses that remain constant regardless of production volume (rent, salaries, insurance).
Variable Costs: Costs that change with production volume (materials, labor per unit).
Contribution Margin: Revenue per unit minus variable cost per unit. This covers fixed costs and generates profit.
Break-Even Point: The sales volume where total revenue equals total costs (no profit, no loss).
Margin of Safety: How much sales can decline before reaching the break-even point.
Formula: Break-Even Units = Fixed Costs ÷ (Price per Unit - Variable Cost per Unit)